Management of Patient with Chest Pain

Question: Discuss about the Management of Patient with Chest Pain. Answer: Introduction: When a patient complaining of chest pain is brought into the healthcare system, the very first task that the health care professional present at the emergency room at that particular time requires to perfume is to conduct an evaluation of the patients condition. Initially the evaluation of the patient should be conducted by observation and by the inspection of his or her vital statistics (Parsonage, Cullen Younger, 2013). In case the patient is found to be stable, the triage process (as indicated in the ACEM guidelines) should be conducted, so as to estimate the severity of his or healthcare condition. The 12 LEAD electro cardiogram process (also known as ECG or EKG) should be performed next, besides making oxygen saturation available to the patient. In case the patient still complains of a persisting chest pain, he or she should be treated with Aspirin ( 300 mg 325 mg, depending on the age, gender and weight of the patient). Along with these, the blood pressure of the patient woul d be monitored, besides conducting blood tests like that of Full Blood Count (FBP), Urea and electrolytes (for measuring the kidney function of the patient), blood sugar level tests (BSL), along with the measurement of the troponin level for estimating the damage that has occurred to the heart. More often than not, a chest radiograph accompanies these tests (Than et al. 2014). In case it is found that the patient is not in a stable condition, the triage procedure should not be conducted: instead the patient should be immediately provided with oxygen saturation, following which the 12 LEAD EKG procedure would be conducted (Kong et al. 2012). The observation of the patients blood pressure should be conducted simultaneously with conducting the blood tests mentioned in the section above. However, as soon as the results of the EKG arrive, the same should be checked for determining any anomaly present in the ST elevation ( as anomalies in the ST elevation reflect infarction or myocardial ischaemia). The health practitioner should also check for the presence of any Left bundle branch block or LBBB, if present, in the EKG report (Haaf et al. 2013). The STEMI protocol should be referred to for finding the further interpretations of the same. In the next step, the clinical history of the patient should be documented, so as to collect information about all other ailments or physical conditions that the patient has (Backus et al. 2013). It is worth mentioning that the selection of the drugs to be prescribed to the patient varies largely with the other ailments and allergies that the patient suffers from, thus making the documentation of the clinical history of the patient one of the key processes of the entire process of treatment. The results of the troponin test conducted in the very first stage of the treatment process should have reached the health practitioner by this time. Bedside this, efforts are also directed towards the identification of the ACS risk features of the patient, along with the calculation off the EDAC scores of the same (Six et al. 2013) It is worth mentioning that the 12 LEAD electro cardiogram process is repeated in every 20 minutes and the reports are noted (with special emphasis on any changes in comparison with the test results observed previously) in case the patient complains of persisting chest pain (Than et al. 2014). Once the results of the troponin test and the ACS risks factors are available, decisions regarding the next phase of treatment are taken based on the following logic: Initial level of troponin is negative, ACS risks is low: The effective dosage of the medicine to be provided to the patient to be made after the results of the 2nd round of EKG and tropinin test arrive (Parsonage, Cullen Younger, 2013). Initial level of troponin is negative, ACS risks is not low: Cardiological review of the patient has to be conducted (Kong et al. 2012). Slightly raised level of troponin, undifferentiated level of risk group: The health practitioner should go ahead with further treatment of the patient (Haaf et al. 2013). Raised level of troponin, High risk group: The patient should be admitted in the medical assessment unit on an emergency basis (Kong et al. 2012). References Backus, B. E., Six, A. J., Kelder, J. C., Bosschaert, M. A. R., Mast, E. G., Mosterd, A., ... Monnink, S. H. J. (2013). A prospective validation of the HEART score for chest pain patients at the emergency department.International journal of cardiology,168(3), 2153-2158. Haaf, P., Reichlin, T., Twerenbold, R., Hoeller, R., Gimenez, M. R., Zellweger, C., ... Freese, M. (2013). Risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain using three high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays.European heart journal, eht218. Kong, G., Xu, D. L., Body, R., Yang, J. B., Mackway-Jones, K., Carley, S. (2012). A belief rule-based decision support system for clinical risk assessment of cardiac chest pain.European Journal of Operational Research,219(3), 564-573. Parsonage, W. A., Cullen, L., Younger, J. F. (2013). The approach to patients with possible cardiac chest pain.Med J Aust,199(1), 30-4. Six, A. J., Cullen, L., Backus, B. E., Greenslade, J., Parsonage, W., Aldous, S., ... Than, M. (2013). The HEART score for the assessment of patients with chest pain in the emergency department: a multinational validation study.Critical pathways in cardiology,12(3), 121-126. Than, M., Aldous, S., Lord, S. J., Goodacre, S., Frampton, C. M., Troughton, R., ... Jardine, D. L. (2014). A 2-hour diagnostic protocol for possible cardiac chest pain in the emergency department: a randomized clinical trial

The advantages and disadvantages of television free essay sample

Nowadays many people all over the world spent most of their free time watching television; but since its appearance, television has brought to man many advantages as well as disadvantages. Television plays an important role in our daily activities: it keeps us informed about all the current affairs In the world. Television helps us In broadening our knowledge in many ways. Through language teaching programs, we can learn the language we Ilke such as: English, French, German, Chinese, Japanese and so on. We can become kilful and clever at doing Jobs, making cakes or arranging flowers through practical courses taught through dfferent programs on television. Television Is a source of recreation. funny films bring us minutes of relaxation after a hard days work.. Apart from its advantages, however, television also brings lots of disadvantages to viewers. First, television viewers gradually become passive in their action. Television may be a splendid media of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other or with the outer world and discourages people from traveling. We will write a custom essay sample on The advantages and disadvantages of television or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The world seen through television is only the restricted one: It separates us from the real world. Television, with its fascinating power, makes people of all addicted to it. students are so absorbed In television that they neglect their school acuvltles as a result of which their grades degrade. Homework is left undone and lessons unprepared. Housewives are so keen on watching television that they neglect their duties toward their husbands and their children. Instead of watching television, we may use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of television, we may sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another to know and like each other better. Finally, the evil Influence of television on the young generation Is inevitable; It encourages them to commit crimes. Spectacles of sadism and violence on television lead them to robbery, theft, rape and murder. In a nutshell, television is useful to us when we know how to use it: Be careful not to overindulge ourselves in it and use it In a discerning manner.

Nursing organizations free essay sample

There are numbers of nursing organizations in around the globe; some of them are recognized nationally, such as Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada, American Nurses Association, An Bord Altranais, Canadian Nurses Association, Indian Nursing Council, Japanese Nursing Association, Nursing Association of Nepal, Nursing Council of New Zealand, Philippine Nurses Association, Philippine Nurses Association of United Kingdom, and Nursing Midwifery Council United Kingdom. Meanwhile, other nursing organizations are more specialized when compared to the latter national organizations; some of them were Association of Womens Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN) and Academy of Neonatal Nursing. The vast range of options in choosing nursing organizations indicates that there is indeed a need for nurses to join at least one of them. According to J. H. â€Å"Professional organizations and associations in nursing are critical for generating the energy, flow of ideas, and proactive work needed to maintain a healthy profession that advocates for the needs of its clients and nurses, and the trust of society. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing organizations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (Matthews, 2012) In 1873, the first nursing school for nursed opened in United States. In 1893, during the assembly of nursing leaders in Chicago’s World Fair, they have talked about the need for nurses to have an organization. This organization is composed of superintendents of training schools for nursed. Hence, the Canadian and American nurses who participated in the event formed the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses of the United States and Canada. This organization was then known the National League of Nursing Education. Another organization was formed in the following year, which was named Nurses’ Associated Alumnae of United States and Canada, later on known as American Nurses’ Association. This organization aimed to solve problems in the profession in terms of legal aspects. It aimed to create legal status for those who are currently practicing the profession. Both early organizations aimed to improve the status of nursing as a legal profession both in America and Canada. (Andrist, Nicholas, Wolf, 2006) From history, one can derive one of the main purposes of professional nursing organization, that is, to establish connection to other training institutions and standardize nursing course curricula. Nursing leaders can use professional organizations to seek improvement in current systems of training course. Inside an organization, a nursing leader is handed with resources to gauge if their institution or training school has reached the standard of education an institution must be able to offer to their students and the level of competency their nurses have in terms of professional practice. This is particularly important since there several government regulations today that seek to maintain the standard of education and student competencies. Professional licensure examinations are also placed to gauge the nurses’ competency and preparedness for actual professional work. The failure of students to keep up with the standards will reflect on the institution from which he or she is trained, to the educational system used, and to the nursing leader that was not able to improve the competency of the school. Another important aspect of joining professional organizations in nursing is that nursing leaders are updated to the current trends and resources available. These are important in their professional growth. They are also constantly updated to legal issues and regulations that have mandated by the government. Annual Conventions keep the networking of nursing leaders spread as their knowledge in the career improve. Works Cited

Which Form Of Demonstrative Essay Topics Should I Choose?

Which Form Of Demonstrative Essay Topics Should I Choose?Demonstrative essays are now a well-established and common way to get into the college of choice for almost all students. These types of essays have not only become much more popular, but they are also becoming more difficult to get a grip on. Students have an abundance of difficult essay topics to choose from, yet they struggle to determine which of these topics is best. This can be discouraging and frustrating for students, especially if they feel that they have no idea how to write a great essay.To help students learn about the different forms of demonstrative essay topics, here are some tips. If you find yourself struggling with a specific topic, it might be best to choose another topic altogether. On the other hand, if you have several questions about the topic and cannot decide what to write about, you may want to consider writing a more complicated essay in this format.The first form of this type of essay is often relate d to critical essay topics. These types of topics are usually written to show that the writer's opinion matters, or that the writer is offering a different perspective than that of the rest of the group. This does not mean that this opinion should necessarily be regarded as right or wrong. It simply means that the opinion should matter.There are several types of critical essay topics that one can choose from. One type of essay would be a 'controversy.' This is one of the most difficult types of topics to write because it is used to show that there is a strong debate between two opposing points of view. Some examples of controversial essays would be: 'Is smoking dangerous?'Another would be an 'argumentative essay,' which would require writing an essay that contradicts an indisputable truth. This could be something like 'creationism does not really exist.' A thesis statement would be one of the most obvious examples of this form of essay, but there are many others.A continuation is a type of essay where the writer remains consistent throughout the essay. This makes the focus of the essay the premise rather than the conclusion. Examples of continuation topics would be 'The war in Iraq is a tragedy,' 'There is no evidence that drugs caused the crack epidemic,' or 'Arguments can be made for every possible interpretation of the Book of Genesis.'To write this type of essay, you need to use a variety of different types of essay writing strategies, such as example sentences, quotations, stories, and certain types of paragraphs. Any essay that combines different types of essay writing techniques will show a diversity of writing skills, so you can expect the readers to find it interesting. In addition, the examples provide clues to the writer's level of understanding, which will enable him or her to become more educated as he or she writes.In order to be able to choose the best essay topic for one's particular level of understanding, it would be helpful to take advantage of the help of a certified or well-experienced instructor. Your instructor can provide you with useful tips and tools that will help you understand your own writing skills and help you make better decisions when it comes to choosing a demonstrative essay topic. You should try to use this type of lesson as often as possible, as this can help improve your ability to understand and write academic essays.

Butter Today essays

Butter Today essays Changing lifestyles have always influenced the approach to nutrition. Values and/or intimacy associated with the foods we as a society eat, have largely been washed away by a desire for easier and less time consuming preparations. We have traded in our larder for refrigerators and keep foods for lengths of time unimaginable 75 years ago. What we eat these days is unfortunately based on convenience. Inherently, ready-to-eat foods are what well reach for when we feel the need to fill the gap. Aspartame, monosodium glutamate, synthesized vitamins, and a host of preservatives are present in these foods to extend shelf life, increase flavour, suggest healthfulness, and increase the saleability to the demographics. With the trend of local, organic, and natural foods, now is the time to get back to basics by incorporating a fundamental nutritional building block a staple in every professional cooks kitchen at home and at work butter. Compared to margarine, butter serves more as an icon of a nation that sustains the family farm and the related values of this lifestyle. Certainly not as lucrative as margarine, butter is a simple natural product made from cream to which salt is often added for its preservative qualities. The cream is pasteurized and churned or shaken until it becomes semi-solid, at which point the buttermilk is separated. Fifteen to twenty percent of butter is milk solids and salt, held in an emulsion by naturally present lecithin, which also assists in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Because of the presence of milk solids, butter has a refrigerated shelf life of up to one month, or at room temperature for a few hours. Slightly warmed butter is unmatched as a spread for flavour, but also for its naturally present unprocessed vitamins and other qualities. The most easily absorbed ...

Model Answer for Busniess Inovation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Model Answer for Busniess Inovation - Coursework Example According to the CEO Andy Harrison "EasyJet is now the UKs National airline. Passengers have clearly voted with their feet, boarding EasyJets aircraft more than any other airline. In a harsh economic environment, EasyJet’s continuous resilient performance is evidence to the superiority of its business model. Europe’s premier air transport network, strong customer proposition and service execution are associated to an extremely efficient operating model that is based on simplicity and low cost. Having to face an uncertain business climate such as severe completion, weak consumer confidence and with the hike in fuel and the volatility of currency, EasyJet is one of the few airlines globally to remain profitable during these harsh times. According to the Non Executive Interim Chairman Sir David Michels, these results were driven primarily through good revenue performance offsetting the  £86 million unit increase in fuel costs and  £31 million reduction in interest income. Easyjet’s marketing strategy took advantage of capacity cuts by other carriers to advance their position in the European short-haul market, capturing shares in important markets such as Milan, Paris, Madrid and London Gatwick and increasing our slot portfolio at congested airports by over 10%. Easyjet has plans to deliver growth of around 7.5% per annum over the coming five year. Easyjet looks to take advantage of the commercial opportunities apparent in European short-haul aviation, whilst delivering positive cash generation beyond the period of the higher than normal capital expenditure associated with the replacement of the more expensive Boeing subfleet. Easy Jet has a unique marketing strategy, rather than targeting leisure passengers, Easy Jet’s main target market are the business passengers who are more regular customers than leisure passengers as they fly more than leisure passengers. Easy Jet has also now focused more on internet marketing which is a lot cheaper than

Paraphrase Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Paraphrase - Essay Example Even more interesting, mundane tasks like cooking were governed by cultural guidelines, where, for example, yams were said to be manly crops because they were complicated to cultivate and harvest while staple foods like cassava had minimal significance. In this community, breaking of the kola nut was synonymous with receiving visitors at home. The Ibo religion with its reverence of many gods dictated the raising of children, ruling of the society and entertainment and communication with others. The community believed in one’s personal god, chi. According to Achebe, being in agreement with something causes chi to also agree (27). This divinity would therefore ensure the protection and success of such an individual. The Igbo had the belief of god being the ruler over the affairs of people. To support this, Achebe uses the character of Unoka, Okonwko’s father, being told that the greatness of the harvest of man who is at peace with the gods and ancestors would be determined by the strength of his arm (17). In seeking to bond the community together, the Igbo culture upholds hospitality and observes religious principles. Nonetheless, the community is not under the rule of religion interpretation by spiritual or political community leaders. Regardless of gender, everyone makes individual decisions regarding their lives. This has more freedom than was the case with the society where Okonwko lived in. 2-This book depicts Achebe’s criticism of the insensitivity towards the helpless in the traditional Igbo community. Achebe uses various events and characters to show the misgivings of the traditional life of the Igbo. For example, the author uses Obierika, Okonwko’s best friend to appeal to Okonkwo to balance his emotions. Unlike Okonkwo, Obierika is a responsible father, husband, friend and member of the Igbo community. This character appeals to Okonkwo to think of more critical issues such as universal morality and truths. He